Tuesday, 31 July 2012

From The Editor's Desk

How Literature Affects Everything…Even the Olympics
by Celina Summers

Okay, I'll admit it. After the brilliant opening and closing ceremony from China four years ago, I wasn't holding out a lot of hope for the English response for this year's Olympics. But the beginning of the ceremony made me eat my words—I thought the transition between an agrarian, idealized England to the Dickensian grime and darkness of the Industrial Revolution that then faded away, leaving the molten metal in the Olympic rings was amazing.

Then, the show made a departure from the glam and the hype to something much closer to my heart.

No, not Mr. Bean's homage to Chariots of Fire.

The great stories in children's literature written by British authors—J.M. Barrie with Peter Pan, P.L. Travers with Mary Poppins, Dodie Smith with 101 Dalmations, and Harry Potter with J.K. Rowling—were center stage during England's welcome to the world's athletes. Literature? At the Olympics? Not quite as strange as it might sound—the original Olympics in ancient Greece held competitions in athletics and the arts. The original Olympics were held every four years from 776 BC to 394 AD, when the Roman Emperor finally put an end to the festival held in honor of the king of the gods, Zeus. The winners of each category were immortalized at Olympia, the site of the games, their names and visages left for posterity in the ring of champions

In fact, literary works had to be at least twenty thousand words in length, in dramatic, epic, or lyric categories. What an opportunity we missed! When I was a kid, I dreamed of being an Olympic swimmer, just like everyone else on my swim team. I grew up less than an hour from the home pool of Tracy Caulkins, who at 14 was the best female swimmer in the world. Tracy got cheated out of her best shot at the Olympics when the Americans boycotted the Moscow games. The gold medals she earned four years later in the Soviet-boycotted Los Angeles games didn't have quite the luster that she deserved. But regardless, as a swimmer a few years younger than Tracy, the Olympics were my dream—and I could imagine myself on the starting blocks, swimming the race, looking up for the score…accepting my medal while The Star Spangled Banner plays…

So much for that. Obviously, even as a kid my imagination was running rampant.

But if the modern Olympics still had literature competitions? Music? Art? There are rumors that the 2016 games will have a ballroom dancing category added, which is a step in the right direction. And it seems only fitting that the modern games, based as they are on a ritual religious observance, should honor art as well as athletics—something I think the British organizers gave a nod to with their inclusion of the great British writers in the opening ceremonies. After all, if it weren't for writers, our knowledge of the ancient games would be significantly smaller. For example, the funerary games for Hector in the Iliad give us, the modern reader, a glimpse at what the Olympics must have been like. Even in the centuries before the birth of Christ, winning the Olympic Games was a source of pride for the competitors as well as their countries or city/states—and that was for discus and sculptors, wrestlers and singers, runners and poets.

In 1952, an art exhibition was substituted for the contests at the Helsinki games, and the art competitions never returned to the Olympics. The International Olympic committee instead voted to include a cultural program at all Olympic Games, to promote understanding of the myriad cultures represented in the countries who participate. And so we, the modern writers of speculative fiction, lost our chance to compete for the medals in our chosen field. We can only watch as athletes are crowned with the laurel wreaths of the victors, can only applaud as they lower their heads for their gold medals, and tear up when, above the stadium or pool or field, our national anthem plays high and sweet in the summer air.

But we, as writers, have other rewards. We have the joy of seeing our stories being published, the warm glow of good reviews, the innate satisfaction in the hundreds or thousands of silent readers who love the stories we gave them. We have the long nights at our desks when the rest of the house is quiet, immersed in the characters and plot lines that populate our minds. And some authors, who climb the highest pinnacles in our craft, have the ultimate honor—just like an Olympic champion in any sport—of giving back to the people who love what they've done.

I doubt that many people are aware that Peter Pan creator J.M. Barrie left all the royalties from his works to Great Ormond Street's children's hospital for the duration of the copyright. As a result of the amazing popularity of the Harry Potter franchise, J.K. Rowling has made incredibly generous contributions to literary programs, programs for single mothers, and the Multiple Sclerosis Society.

Who needs medals against a legacy like that?

Barrie's bequest to the sick children of London was a gift of such genuine love, given back to the readers who looked upon his story of the boy who could fly with magic and wonder in their eyes. But even before that, a gold medal already hung around his neck. The timelessness of his characters, the passion and delight of his stories—all this brought a measure of escape to countless children, lighting the way through the darkness and horror of the long nights when German fighters were bombing London.

When the world is literally exploding around you, sometimes imagination is the only thing that can free you.

So modern writers may not have a medal to display proudly over the mantel and when we finish a story, the national anthem might not play. But no matter what genre we write or the age of the readership for whom our stories are intended, we all reach a moment when we, too, feel like we're on the podium. Our stories are inspiring those people who, for a moment, joined with our characters on a journey through our imaginations. Our books are our legacies. And while I may never accrue a readership that would permit me to be as personally generous as J.M. Barrie or J.K. Rowling, I can still look back at some moments of my career and know that I once made a difference in someone's life. You don't need money or a gold medal to create a legacy, in much the same way that generosity isn't measured in the number of zeroes on the checks you write to charity.

A writer's generosity is measured with the stories she or he shares with the world.

The tradition of arts and the Olympics stretches back to ancient times, when the greatest poets and sculptors once competed just like the athletes under the grueling heat of the Greek skies. The opening ceremony for the thirtieth Olympic Games of the modern era harkened back to that relationship—a reminder to us all that the arts—and in our case, literature—has a place in Olympic lore. There's no better time to remember that than now, as we cheer on our athletes in the London games.

Tuesday, 17 July 2012

My Hero

by Jamie Lackey


Looking back, I'm not sure how William Shatner got to be my hero. I didn't grow up watching Star Trek. I still haven't seen Rescue 911, T.J. Hooker, or his episodes of The Twilight Zone.

I think it might have started when I saw a video of him singing to George Lucas. Then I watched videos of his other "musical" performances, and a friend got me a copy of his cd Has Been.

Yeah, yeah. I know. His music isn't really his most popular thing. But I love it. And something about that album got to me. Maybe it was his unique way of telling his detractors off in the title track.

Or the heart-wrenching song about losing his wife, or how very much I identified with "It Hasn't Happened Yet."

Maybe William Shatner is my hero because he can laugh at himself without wallowing in false modesty. Maybe it's because he had to wear a girdle to play Captain Kirk, or because I love a man on horseback.

But if I had to pick one thing, I think it's because he went from on top of the world to living alone in a trailer and he didn't give up.

He's stubborn, and his story helps me to be stubborn, too. Because I have to be, if I ever want to achieve my dreams.

I went to go see his live Broadway show this spring, Shatner's World: We Just Live in It. It was funny and engaging, and at its core carried a simple message. "Say yes." When life offers opportunities, William Shatner takes them. Without that life maxim, maybe he would have skipped the movie in Esperanto, but he might have missed out on a whole lot more, too.

Since the show, I've been trying harder to say yes. Yes, I can write seven short stories this month. Yes, I can push myself outside my comfort zone and work on online visibility for a magazine. Yes, I'll critique these stories for your workshop, yes, I'll write a blurb for your novella. (Yes, I will hike 34.7 miles in a single day.) Yes, I can make time for all of this.

Unless I can't, and then I just say, yes, I can forgive myself for not being perfect.

Jamie Lackey earned her BA in Creative Writing from the University of Pittsburgh at Bradford. Her fiction has been accepted by over a dozen different venues, including The Living Dead 2, Daily Science Fiction, and Beneath Ceaseless Skies. She reads slush for Clarkesworld Magazine and is an assistant editor at Electric Velocipede.

Learn more about Jamie Lackey on her website. Follow her on Twitter, and like her on facebook.

Thursday, 12 July 2012

Utopian Vs. Dystopian: Two Forms of Great Fiction

by Dianna L. Gunn

If you've spent much time at all reading and studying speculative fiction, and maybe even if you haven't, you've probably heard the terms 'utopian' and 'dystopian' a lot, particularly in reference to science fiction novels. There's a good chance you've even got a vague idea of what each word means—but have you ever thought about it more deeply?

Let's take a look at the original words, armed with a trusty 1980 Oxford American Dictionary:

Utopia 1. An imaginary place or state of things where everything is perfect.

We'll stick with this definition, as it's the one most commonly applied to science fiction.

Interestingly enough, my edition of the Oxford doesn't contain dystopia, so for this one I've turned to dictionary.com:

Dystopia 1. A society characterized by human misery, as squalor, disease, and overcrowding.

Seems pretty clear cut, right? A utopian science fiction novel would obviously be one set in a place where all the world's problems have been fixed, whereas a dystopian science fiction novel would be one where the world has fallen into decline.

It both is and isn't as simple as that. Many science fiction novels blur the lines between utopia and dystopia. In The Time Machine by H.G. Wells, you first think the future society is a utopia where everyone's peaceful and has enough to eat, only to discover its darkest secrets and that it's closer to a dystopia.

Beyond that, everyone's definition of a utopia—or a dystopia—is different. Take Woman on the Edge of Time by Marge Piercy, in which a welfare-dependent Mexican woman is shown a future where men and women take equal part in the work, massive cities have given way to smaller townships, and food, along with other resources, are shared communally. For me and many others, this is a utopian future.

But that's not all Connie, the hero of Woman on the Edge of Time sees. She also sees a future in which humanity's retreated to metal homes and space stations, where the world is unlivable with food marked-up and everything else is created and delivered by machines. For Connie—and for me—this is a terrifying future—but it isn't terrifying to everyone.

Some books by genre are defined as utopian or dystopian, but this is certainly a case of beauty is in the eye of the beholder. Sure, most people are horrified by the extreme surveillance of Nineteen Eighty-Four or the mutation of humanity almost beyond recognition in The Time Machine, but some will always see it differently. Each of us dreams of a different future—my vision of utopia, where everyone's equal and we've eliminated capitalism, might just be your vision of dystopia.

Dianna L. Gunn is a young Canadian fiction writer who specializes in dark fantasy. She also writes poetry, generally dark, which is her way of dealing with life. This insightful author hosts a website covering every aspect of fiction writing and interviews with noted guest authors.

Learn more about Dianna L. Gunn on her website and follow her on Twitter.

Tuesday, 10 July 2012

Penumbra 2013 Themes Announced

One of the most difficult parts of an otherwise awesome job as Editor in Chief of Penumbra is selecting themes.  Obviously, I'd love to have a year with nothing but my favorite speculative fiction elements, but then I'd want to write all the stories too.

And then I'd have to reject myself.

Therefore, after some brainstorming and the opinions of my (very..very, very) opinionated staff, I finally arrived at the following themes for our 2013 issues.


January 2013: Ray Bradbury

With the speculative fiction community still mourning the loss of this great writer, we'd like to see stories in homage to the great Ray Bradbury.  That does NOT mean fan fiction—but stories written in the style of or dealing with the same themes that Bradbury made great or maybe, even, with Bradbury as a character.  Our fearless editor-in-chief first read All Summer In A Day when she was in the second grade and still considers it the best short story ever written.  Try your hardest to win the # 2 spot.

CALL BEGINS ON SEPTEMBER 1
CALL ENDS ON NOVEMBER 30

February 2013: Zombie Apocalypse

What could be more appropriate for the dreariest month in the year than a zombie apocalypse?  Screw all that Valentine's Day stuff—we want to see zombies…in a blizzard..arms falling off as they swat Cupid out of the sky and eat his wings like hor d'ouerves. Whatever you do, though, find a way to make your zombies different…as different as zombies can be.

Let's make this the zombie apocalypse that no one has thought of yet.

Like the poodle zombie apocalypse that begins at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show, maybe, or a really nasty season of Zombie Hell's Kitchen with Gordon Ramsey.  What?  He'd be a thoroughly vicious zombie...

CALL BEGINS ON OCTOBER 1
CALL ENDS ON DECEMBER 31

March 2013: Space Opera

Once upon a time, in a galaxy far, far away—people thought that space opera was kind of like Velveeta: looks like cheese, smells like cheese, tastes like cheese…but not really cheese.  Space opera, on the other hand, is now a well-beloved sub-genre of science fiction and is no longer regarded as the cheese it was once dismissed as.  So serve us up a cracker with a nice dollop of space opera on top—and remember: the universe is infinite as far as we know.  There's no story too outlandish for Penumbra's space opera.

And we'll know if you send us Star Wars fan fiction. Maybe Obi Wan is right and only the Sith deal in absolutes, but we absolutely do not want thinly veiled fan fic. Just sayin'.

CALL BEGINS ON NOVEMBER 1
CALL ENDS ON JANUARY 31

April 2013: Lost

No, not the TV show Lost, but the act of being lost—which, now that we think about it, could be the TV show Lost too.  All sorts of things can happen when you're lost, and the quest to be found or to find out where you are is always a journey of discovery.  So don't ask for directions or turn on your creative GPS.

Let's just see what happens when we all get lost in the April issue.

May 2013: Ocean

Did you know that 71% of the Earth is covered by oceans? We didn't either until we caught a show on the National Geographic channel, and promptly became fascinated by the beauty and delicacy of life that thrives on our ocean floors.  The ocean is the last great unexplored region of our planet, constantly changing, constantly evolving, and hiding from our knowledge species that have never felt the warmth of the sun.

You don't have to write about our oceans, but let your imagination free to roam the seven seas wherever you please.

June 2013: HG Wells

There's something so wonderful and amazing about the stories of HG Wells.  Without his contributions to literature, speculative fiction would be far, far different today.  Don't get so caught up in War Between the Worlds or The Time Machine that you don't consider his lesser known works. We're more inclined to see stories like A New Accelerator than The Invisible Man.  And just as with our other author themes, we're not looking for fan fiction. We're looking for something new in a Wellsian style—just like the Father of Science Fiction did with every story he wrote.

July 2013:  Japanese Mythology

Although our editor-in-chief loves Greco-Roman mythology, learning the folklore and legends of Japan opened up a huge window for her several years back. The lore was so intricate and lovely that it naturally stirred her curiosity. With Daughter of the Empire, first book of the Empire Trilogy by Raymond Feist and Janny Wurts that curiosity became an obsession.  We want to see stories that are saturated with the rich and gorgeous culture of Japan, and take that mythology into new and unexpected speculative territory.

August 2013: Revolution

"The most important scientific revolutions all include, as their only common feature, the dethronement of human arrogance from one pedestal after another of previous convictions about our centrality in the cosmos."
—Stephen Jay Gould

Revolution is one of those themes that can mean anything. An alternate history version of the Civil War. A galactic battle between humanoid and reptilian worlds. A coup in a coven of witches.  The range of stories within this topic is pretty darn close to infinite. And while you don't necessarily have to follow Stephen Jay Gould's opinion, you might want to consider Abbie Hoffman's.

"The first duty of a revolutionary is to get away with it."

September 2013: The Fae

What's not to love about the Fae?  Whether you're writing about the fairies like Tinker Bell, or pixies, or the Tuatha dé Danaan of older Irish legends, this is the issue to let the Fair Folk loose in your imagination. Be sure you follow the will o'the wisp into new worlds—and take the readers of Penumbra along with you on your journey down the faery paths.

October 2013  Alfred Hitchcock

Behind every great movie is a great story.  Alfred Hitchcock ranks as one of the top storytellers of the twentieth century.  We're looking for suspenseful stories of psychological horror—Hitchcock with a spec fic twist.  Cause let's be honest—who doesn't feel a bit creepy crawly when they see a huge flock of blackbirds overhead and an unoccupied phone booth on the corner is the only visible refuge?

So whether Hitchcock has his signature cameo in your story or not, the best tribute to a man considered to be the most influential filmmaker of the 20th century is a story he would have loved to put on the big screen.

November 2013: Gaslight Fantasy

Who needs machines to lend that steampunky feel to Victorian stories?

We sure don't. That's why we're really excited about this Gaslight Fantasy issue of Penumbra. We love the foggy streets of London, the creature inching ever closer to the oblivious heroine, and, hopefully, her blood spraying all over the passed out prostitutes on the corner. But then, everyone knows we're a little bit sick.

So send us your best gaslight fantasy—blood on the prostitutes is optional—so we can read this issue by the fire on a crisp, late autumn night.

December 2013: Family Traditions

"Ah Christmas…warm and rosy time. The hot wine steams, the Yule log roars, and we're the fat that's in the fire." Geoffrey, The Lion in Winter—Act I

Obviously, Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine probably aren't the best example for family traditions—particularly when the biggest tradition they shared was warring with each other, but we couldn't resist giving our Christmas issue a bit of spice. While we realize that we'll be getting a plethora of stories about murdering in-laws over the holiday turkey—we are still holding out hope that we won't get Norman Rockwell in space.  Family traditions can happen anywhere—or anywhen—so take the turkey and run with it.

Be sure to check out our usual caveats on our Submissions page--particularly the one regarding when to submit your stories.  We will ONLY accept a story when the theme for that particular issue is open to subs.

So you writers have fun crafting your stories, and you readers get ready for another fun-filled year of Penumbra.  We're looking forward to seeing you all in 2013.

Celina Summers
Penumbra eMag EIC

A Shallow Recess?

by T. D. Edge

At the Odyssey Fantasy Writing Workshop, a well-known SF writer said to us, "The secret to success is to find your niche and exploit it." He's probably right.

During the SF conference earlier this year, a panel of book editors told an audience of mostly new writers that if they want to get published, they can't afford to write in different genres; and ideally they should have written the first 3 novels, all with the same characters, before even approaching them.

Well, I had no idea what my niche was when I wrote my first children's novel. It was about a 13-year old science nerd with no social skills who gets taken to what he thinks will be an academy for gifted kids. But when he turns up, the academy is a cottage in the Welsh hills and the two professors who recruited him are going to teach him to play table soccer instead. Apparently, a mad genius is draining the world of champion spirit via the game, and only our kid can save us. Niche that!

Okay, so that was back in the 1980s when a children's publishing house was more like Hogwarts than the law firm-ish offices of today. My editor didn't have a large beard and pointy hat, but she had the magical power to choose the books she wanted to publish, work on the cover design with the author, and put the book out without as much as a sneer in the direction of the non-existing marketing team.

By the time my next book was ready, however, the sales team had arrived. Everything changed, including the cover design she and I had created. On the sales teams' version, my two main characters were (un)magically changed from bright but girl-ignorant lads to cool, girl-magnet teen dudes. "But," I said, "it won't just be the girls who're disappointed when they read what these guys are really like." Apparently, though, it didn't matter if the cover was as genuine as a Nigerian funds transfer offer, if it drew in the punters, who cared?

Still niche-averse, I published a few more YA/children's books, but also had quite a few rejected by editorial committees, acquisitions committees, and probably the committees' committee, too.

Time for a change!

I decided to switch to my first love, Science Fiction. I thought I'd better start fresh so in 2006 I attended Odyssey, one of the six-week US workshops. It was great to just write stories and critique other people's, and to be in a classroom again, learning stuff from top writers and editors. Even if we got the niche advice there, too. It was also good, as an Englishman, to learn to hug without wincing.

After Odyssey, I started sending out short stories, now almost wilfully un-niche like. I found a new freedom with short fiction, to try different styles, different voices, genders, beliefs, and so on. I also carried on attending workshops, two in Oregon, for example, taken by Kristine Kathryn Rusch and Dean Wesley Smith, who taught in the opposite direction to much of what I'd learned before. Damn that elusive niche.

I've sold around 30 stories now, no two of them really in the same niche. I might have sold more if they were, I don't know. All I do know is that if writing is fun and exciting and challenging for the author, I think it's likely to please readers, too.

A story of mine just won the New Scientist/Arc Magazine short fiction prize. It's about a town full of bio-toy Cockneys and talking animals, trying to save themselves from the encroaching electro-bio-mechanical sludge by helping their human master, Dave, to fall in love. I wrote the first few pages a couple of years back with absolutely no idea why or where it was going. I just loved the setting and the characters and the language. I went back to it several times, but couldn't see where to take it. Eventually, I got the rest of the story and finished it. But still no niche . . .

T. D. Edge won a Cadbury's fiction competition at age 10, but only did it for the chocolate. His short fiction has appeared in various anthologies and magazines, including Arc, Realms of Fantasy, Beneath Ceaseless Skies, and Flash Fiction Online. Terry has been a street theatre performer, props maker for the Welsh National Opera, sign writer, soft toy salesman, and professional palm-reader. He is also proud of being the youngest-ever England Subbuteo Champion, and one of his current writing projects is Subbuteo for the Soul.

Learn more about T. D. Edge on his website.

Thursday, 5 July 2012

Asking Jamie Lackey


Who are three authors you admire--and why do you admire them?

1. Bruce Coville

Bruce Coville writes middle grade science fiction and fantasy books. I've been reading his books for most of my life--many of them over and over again. Whenever I'm tired or stressed or depressed, I can pick up one of his books, finish it in a couple of hours, and feel better about the world.

They're fun stories with engaging characters, and they have really rich themes. His books shaped me into the person I am today.

2. Lois McMaster Bujold

Lois McMaster Bujold writes both fantasy and science fiction novels. Her Vorkosigan series is set in one of the most interesting science fiction universes I've ever read, but her real strength is in her characters. Everyone in one of her books feels like a real, rounded person. Her Hugo and Nebula-winning Paladin of Souls is one of my very favorite books.

3. Peter S. Beagle

I've loved The Last Unicorn for longer than I can remember. I made my parents rent the movie over and over again. I love the beautiful, lyrical, poignant nature of his writing. His fiction, both novels and short stories, all come alive through his almost magical prose.

Jamie Lackey earned her BA in Creative Writing from the University of Pittsburgh at Bradford. Her fiction has been accepted by over a dozen different venues, including The Living Dead 2, Daily Science Fiction, and Beneath Ceaseless Skies. She reads slush for Clarkesworld Magazine and is an assistant editor at Electric Velocipede.

Learn more about Jamie Lackey on her website. Follow her on Twitter, and like her on facebook.


Tuesday, 3 July 2012

The Art of Writing Short Fiction

by Sarina Dorie

If a short story falls under a thousand words (1500 words in some markets), it is considered “flash fiction” or “micro fiction.” With a number of new markets out there publishing flash fiction; Penumbra, Daily Science Fiction, and Flash Fiction Online being a few among many, it is a plentiful market in which to submit. Because writing short, succinct stories is a skill I wanted to develop, there is a high demand for flash fiction, and it takes less time to write flash fiction than a long story (in theory) I decided I wanted to take a stab at it.

When Daily Science Fiction opened about two years ago, Wordos, my speculative fiction writing critique group in Eugene, Oregon decided we wanted to dissect flash fiction in order to hone our skills and see what makes a short, short story work. It isn’t surprising that because of our critiques and dissections, quite a few writers from our critique group went on to sell flash to Daily Science Fiction.

What we noticed about these stories is that they were tightly written, limited details, often had an interesting idea, a twist or punch line at the end, and were emotionally powerful or shocking or funny. The form of these stories were sometimes written as though someone was telling a story to a friend, might be in the form of a letter or letters in an epistolary fashion, were written like a fable, joke or essay or used some other unusual writing device to tell a story. Many of these stories weren’t even traditional stories in the sense that there was a character arc, plot or conflict. Still, there was something that happened in each “story” that made it catchy, edgy or worthwhile. These are just my observations, as well as some that I remember from members of Wordos.

My advice to someone genuinely interested in breaking into the flash fiction market is to read and analyze lots of flash fiction and decide what it is about each piece that made the editor choose it.

As a result of studying the market and trying to think in the “short” mindset, I wrote about twenty flash fiction stories in a few months. Some of them I submitted to my critique group and got feedback, some I later turned into slightly longer short stories, and some I left unfinished because there wasn’t enough there to create a story. I didn’t feel guilty about not finishing because they were so short and I considered them experiments.

Though I had been submitting stories to magazines for several years, it was my flash fiction stories that sold first. The first four pieces sold in 2011 were Zombie Psychology to Untied Shoelaces of the Mind, A Ghost’s Guide to Haunting Human’s which won the Whidbey Student Choice Award, Losing One’s Appetite to Daily Science Fiction and Worse than a Devil to Crossed Genres. From there I went on to sell slightly longer short stories as well as more flash. One of my favorite flash fiction pieces, Mr. Kick-Ass Werewolf President is in the July politics issue of Penumbra.

Sarina Dorie is a speculative fiction writer, artist and belly dance teacher who currently lives in Eugene, Oregon. She has been published
in a variety of magazines including Daily Science Fiction, Flagship, Allasso, Roar, New Myths, Untied Shoelaces of the Mind, Penumbra, and Crossed Genres.

Her fantasy novel, Silent Moon, won two second place and three third place awards from Romance Writers of America. Silent Moon is now available on Amazon and Smashwords.

To learn more about Sarina Dorie, please visit her website.